Electrical apparatus



L. A. HAWORTH.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT 13, 1920.

1,424,01 6. Patented July 25, 1922.

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'by, %r/r His Attorn e y.

L. A. HAWORTH.

ELECTRICAL 'APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED ocT I3, 1920.

Patented July 25, 1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Inventor:

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H is AttQr-ney Lawr-en ceAHawor'th,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAWRENCE A. HAWORTH, OI DALTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 25, 1922 Applicationfiled October 13, 1920. Serial No. 416,677.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE A. HA- WORTH, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Dalton, in the county of Berkshire, State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectrical Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical apparatus and particularly toapparatus having windings supported about the legs of magnetic cores,such as are employed in transformers, reactances and the like.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved means for retainingthe windings in a predetermined spaced relation which is reliable, safeand readilymanufactured.

When assembling windings about the leg of a magnetic core, in themanufacture of electrical apparatus, it is necessary that certainpredetermined spaced relations shall be maintained both between thewinding groups and between the windings and the core; hence to securethis end, spacing devices placed in both radial and axial direc tionsare relied upon for maintaining the windings in the desired relations.

Where the ends of the spacing devices extend beyond the edges of thewindings, it is generally customary to place distance pieces betweenthese ends, or if the spacing device should have a bent over portionthen the distance pieces are placed between the bent portion and thewindings so that the one device maintains the desired spacing effects inboth directions. In either of these ways of putting in the distancepieces the mutual friction between the parts has generally been reliedupon to retain the spacing devices and the distancing parts completelyintact. In drying, however, these parts not infrequently becomeloosened, and occasion all become displaced.

f n the practlce of my invention I have provided a spacing device havinga member with which the other parts are adapted to interlock whereby arigid and self retaining device is produced from which the parts cannotbecome accidentally displaced.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and objects of myinvention reference should be had to the following detailed descriptionwhen taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1-is a view partly in section and partly in elevation of atransformer windng prov ded with spacing devices embodylng my lnvention.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the spacing device embodying myinvention which is employed'in Fig. 1; while Flgs. 3, 4 and 5 showdetails of the device shown in Fig. 2. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show details ofa modified type of device embodying my invention. Figs. 9 to 21inclusive show st1ll other modifications and the details thereof.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 10 denotes a magnetic core, ofany suitable type, on the leg 11 of which are mounted interleaved disccoil windings 12. These W 1I1(l1I1gS would be suitably connected as highand low voltage windings where the apparatus embodying my invention is atransformer; this being the type of electrical apparatus to which myinvention will have its widest application.

The windings 12 are insulated from the core 11 by the inner insulatingcylinder 13, shown as interposed between the core 11 and the windings12. An outer insulating cylinder 14: is rovided to insulate the windingsshown on eg 11 from other windings, or from exterior grounds such as thehousing whichmay inclose the apparatus, or from other portions of thecore. For this reason portions of the ends of the cylinders areillustrated as closed by insulating material 15 inserted between thewindings and adjacent portions of the core.

The windings, however, are themselves maintained in a predeterminedspaced relation, after they have been assembled, by the spacing devicesshown at 16 in order that proper ventilation and insulation shall be atall times provided.

The spacing devices shown at 16 in Fig. 1 may be any one of the formsshown in Figs. 2, 6, 9, 12, 15 or 18, the simplest form beingillustrated in Fig. 2. The form shown in Fi 2 comprises a slotted member20 with whlch the other members are adapted to interlock. The member 20isshown developed in a plane in Fig. 4;; dotted lines indicating theplaces this member is to be folded to produce the form shown in Fig. 2.The sides of the slot 21 in member 20 serve as guides for the grooved orrecessed ends of the filling members 22 and 23.

The members 22 serve as main fillers and are adapted, when in place, toengage with the faces of a coil 12, one such member being shown inperspective in Fig. 3.

The small members 23, on the'other hand, serve merely as back or endfillers intervenin between the coils 12 and an insulating cy inder; onesuch member 23 being shown, in perspective in Fig. 5.

The several members of the insulating device shown in- Fig. 2 may bemade of any suitable insulating material, hard fiber and press-boardbeing well adapted to the pur ose. When the members are fashioned asindicated in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, and the interlocking member has beenproperly bent into shape, they may readily be assembled into the formshown in Fig. 2. The members 23 are generally taken in sufiicient numberto equal the thickness of a coil. Two or more members 22 and two or moremembers 23 are taken and arranged with their transverse grooves 24 inregister, the members 22 being disposed in equal numbers at each side ofthe members 23. These members thus arranged are then inserted with theirgrooved ends held longitudinally of the slot 21, the slotted portion ofmember 20 being pushed back sufficient to permit of this operation. Whenthe grooves in the ends of members 22 and 23 register with the edges ofslot 21, the members 22 are then partially rotated about theirlongitudinal axis, thus twisting the same into place as shown.

A form of spacing device adapted to permit a circulation of the coolingand ventilating medium therethrough and over the face of a coil is shownin Fig. 6. In this form an interlocking member 25 holds in place thefilling members 26 and 27. The interlockin member 25 is slotted at 28,as shown in Fig. 8, which shows a development of the member 25. Onemember 26 is shown in perspective in Fig. 7; the members 27 beingidentical with members 23 shown in Fi 5.

The mem or 26 diifers from the members shown in Fig. 3 by the provisionof a slot 29 in one end which extends nearly to the other end. This slotat 29 is substantially the same in width as slot 28 and is adapted toregister therewith when the members are assembled, thereby permittingthe cooling medium to enter between the prongs at 29, pass through thetwo slots in register, and find egress through the portion of the slotdenoted 28' in Fig. 6.

Another form ofspacing device permitting a slightly more rapidcirculation of the cooling and ventilating medium across the face of acoil is shown in Fig. 9. Here an interlocking member 30 is providedhaving a slot 31 with which the other members are adapted to engage. Theother members comprise large and small fillers shown re spectively at 32and 33; the members 32 being identical with members 23 shown in 6m ofthe members 33 is shown in perspective in Fig. 10, where it is seen tohave a central slot 34 but is not open ended as was the member shown inFig. 7. Inthis instance the cooling medium is adapted to enter by way ofthe obliquely disposed passage 35 which is cut from the side of member33 and communicates with slot 34.

A development of member 30 is shown in Fig. 11 where it is seen to havea central slot 31 and end slots3l. This construction provides bridges asshown at 36, which act as deflectors for the cooling medium entering byway of passage 35 dividing the same into two streams one finding egressthrough a forward slot at 31', another through a rear slot, as at 31.

In Fig. 12 a spacin device is shown in which a somewhat di erent mode ofinterlocking is employed from that hitherto described. An interlockingmember 40, provided with a slot 41, is adapted to retain the othermembers 42 and 43 in place.

A development of member 40 is shown in Fig. 14, the member 42 beingillustrated in perspective in Fig. 13, while member 43 is illustrated insimllar fashion in Fig. 21.

In Fig. 13, member 42 is clearly seen to comprise upper and lower endportions 42 and 42" respectively, which are united by a narrowintermediate portion 44, the latter being of the same width as slot 41and adapted to engage with recesses of similar width cut in the upperand lower edges of members 43.

To assemble the several members to make the spacing device here shown, amember 42 has its narrow portion 44 inserted into the slot 41 of aproperly formed member 40, the portion 44 being first permitted to takea position lengthwise of slot 41. A member 43 is then slipped into theloop formed by the portion 44 protruding from the back'of slot 41, andanother member 43 inserted just in front thereof under the bent portionof member 40; and adapted to engage with portion 44, the whole beingbrought into position, as indicated in Fig. 12, by a partial rotation ofmember 42 about its longitudinal axis until portion44 is transverse ofslot 41.

In Fig. 15 is illustrated a spacing device similar to the one in Fig. 12but ada ted in the same manner as that shown in Fig. 6 to permit thecirculation of a cooling medium across the face of a coil.

The device here shown comprises a slotted interlocking member 50, whosedevelopment is shown in Fig. 17 a member 52 shown in perspective in Fig.16, and members 53 which are identical with members 43 as shown in Fig.21.

In Fig. 18 still another form of spacing Ill device adapted to permitcirculation and ventilation is disclosed. In this form two 'U-shapedstrips 60 together serving as the interlocking member hold in place themain filling member 62 and end filling members 63. A development ofstrip 60 is shown in Fig. 20, while Fig. 19 shows member 62 inperspective. The members 63 are identical with members 43 which areshown in Fig. 21. Having now described what is at present the best meansknown to me for carrying out an embodiment of my invention, I would haveit understood that such means are merely illustrative and that I do notmean to be limited thereby to the exact details shown nor restricted inthe choice of recognized equivalents except as defined in my claimshereunto appended.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. In an electrical apparatus, the combination with windings composed ofcoils in assembled relation of spacing devices for holding said windingsin spaced relation, each of said devices comprising a member havingportions extending over the faces of a coil and filling members engagedin interlocired relation with said first member.

2. In an electric apparatus, the combination with windings composed ofcoils in assembled relation, of spacing devices for holdin said windingsin spaced relation, each 0 said devices comprising a member providedwith a slot and having portions extendin over the faces of a coil, andfillin mem rs provided with recesses, the slotte portion of said slottedmember being in engagement with the recessed portions of said fillingmembers to lock the slotted and filling members to ether.

3. In an e ectrical apparatus, the combination with windings composed ofcoils' in assembled relation, of spacing devices for holding saidwindings in spaced relation, each of said devices comprising a memberprovided with a slot and having portions extending over the faces of acoil, and main and end filling members provided with recesses, theslotted portion of said slotted member being in engagement with therecessed portions of said main and end filling members to lock theslotted and filling members together. 7

4, A spacin device for disc-coil electrical windings, sai devicecomprising a member having portions adapted to extend over the face of acoil and provided with a slot, and filling members laterally recessed,the slotted portion of said slotted member being in engagement with theedges of said recesses to lock the slotted and filling members together.

5. A spacin device for disc-coil electrical windings, sai devicecomprising a member having portions adapted to extend over the face of acoil and rovided with a slot, and large and small filing members eachprovided with lateral recesses which are in register, the slottedportion of said slotted member being in engagement with the 'ed a ofsaid recesses to lock the slotted and fillmg members together.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this eighth day of Oct1920.

LAWRENCE A. HAWORTH.

